科研日报 2025-12-04

Page content

📅 Daily Report - 2025-12-04

今日筛选出 118 条内容,来自 3 个来源

Powered by 科研普拉斯 & Claude

🤖 今日AI智能总结

🧬 数据前沿

今日焦点: 免疫检查点阻断联合疗法在肿瘤微环境中的应用取得进展;一项研究揭示了肥胖驱动的炎症与三阴性乳腺癌进展及免疫抑制的关联。

主要方向

  • 肿瘤微环境(TME)重塑与免疫治疗响应:研究关注巨噬细胞极化、三级淋巴结构、神经损伤及肥胖对TME内免疫细胞功能的影响,以及其在癌症治疗中的作用。
  • 肿瘤代谢重编程与治疗耐药:重点探索赖氨酸、丁酸盐等代谢产物以及KEAP1-NRF2系统和m6A修饰在肿瘤进展、治疗耐药(如新辅助化疗、顺铂、多西他赛)中的作用。
  • 免疫细胞与肿瘤相互作用:分析T细胞在肿瘤微环境中的行为,以及其与巨噬细胞、上皮细胞等在不同癌症类型(如乳腺癌、肝癌、卵巢癌)中的协同或拮抗作用。

技术亮点

  • 单细胞RNA测序(scRNA-Seq)和空间转录组学(Spatial Transcriptomics)在解析肿瘤微环境异质性及细胞间相互作用方面的广泛应用。
  • 长读长测序(Long-Read Sequencing)和全基因组测序在揭示肿瘤基因组特征和转录组/蛋白质组谱中的创新应用。

🔬 期刊文章

今日焦点: 人工智能在生成精准肿瘤洞察方面日益普及,以及基于血液的癌症早期检测方法的出现。

主要方向

  • 开发针对中枢神经系统恶性肿瘤患者的CAR T细胞疗法。
  • 推进精准肿瘤学,关注新药适应症获批、新型药物开发(ADC、PROTACs)以及非传统生物标志物识别。

技术亮点

  • 持续发展抗体-药物偶联物(ADC)和蛋白水解靶向嵌合体(PROTACs)。
  • 人工智能(AI)在精准肿瘤学中的应用日益广泛。

🧪 博客更新

今日焦点: 科学家发现,一种70年前的药物能激活脑癌细胞的“氧气警报”,揭示其生存机制;同时,新型计算方法scPER利用RNA测序技术,首次实现从整体RNA数据中识别肿瘤细胞亚群。

主要方向

  • 癌症细胞生存机制与治疗新靶点发现(如脑癌、乳腺癌)。
  • 肠道菌群健康与日常化学物质暴露的影响。

技术亮点

  • 机器学习方法scPER用于肿瘤细胞亚群鉴定。
  • 新型检测方法QuEChERS用于食品中致癌化合物的识别。

📚 分类浏览

🧬 数据前沿 (110条)

详细内容(前10条)

1.GSE305308 免疫检查点阻断诱导巨噬细胞重极化,进而驱动肿瘤微环境中的T细胞活化

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:tumor、immune、tumor microenvironment、macrophage
  • 📝 描述:Contributors : Tina Kwok ; Jessica N LancasterSeries Type : Expression profiling by arrayOrganism : Mus musculusImmunotherapy combinations can improve patient outcomes, yet the interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME) that drive therapeutic synergy are poorly understood. Tumor establishment drives monocyte recruitment and differentiation into tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which have essential roles in coordinating immune responses and are thus attractive targets for therapeutic modulation. In a murine model of combination anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 checkpoint blockade, tumor control was associated with increased infiltration of CD8+ T-cells and M1-like repolarization of TAMs. Live-cell imaging of the tumor microenvironment revealed close contacts between tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T-cells and TAMs, in which the extent of the contact interfaces increased with combination immunotherapy. Treatment with anti-PD-L1 was able to increase macrophage expression of pro-inflammatory factors and phagocytic activity, suggesting a role for TAMs in reactivating CD8+ T-cells in the TME. However, co-treatment with anti-PD-1 was ultimately necessary for tumor control, indicating the need for combination targeting of the TME.
  • 🔗 查看原文

2.GSE309004 乳腺癌新辅助化疗耐药性的分子决定因素:基因表达和肿瘤微环境分析

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:tumor、cancer、tumor microenvironment、resistance
  • 📝 描述:Contributors : Hedda M Guevara-Nieto ; Carlos A Orozco ; Rafael Parra Medina ; Jone Garai ; Jovanny Zabaleta ; Liliana Lopez-Kleine ; Alba L CombitaSeries Type : Expression profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Homo sapiensNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a critical component of breast cancer treatment, but the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify transcriptomic changes associated with NAC resistance across four breast cancer subtypes: Luminal A, Luminal B/HER2-positive, Luminal B/HER2-negative, and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). RNA-seq analysis was performed on paired pre- and post-NAC breast cancer samples from 35 non-responders. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and functional enrichment analyses were conducted. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed to identify hub genes. Tumor microenvironment (TME) infiltration was estimated using deconvolution algorithms. The results revealed distinct gene expression profiles between pre- and post-NAC samples, with FOS and NR4A1 being common DEGs across all subtypes. Enriched pathways varied among subtypes, including signal transduction, estrogen biosynthesis, extracellular matrix organization, dendritic cell activation, and B cell activation. TME analysis showed increased infiltration of specific immune cell populations after NAC, including CD4 memory T cells, regulatory T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and mast cells, varying by subtype. These findings suggest that NAC modulates gene expression, cellular activity, and TME interactions, potentially contributing to treatment resistance. Understanding the molecular determinants of NAC resistance is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies and improving outcomes for breast cancer patients.
  • 🔗 查看原文

3.GSE294999 肥胖驱动的炎症通过免疫抑制促进三阴性乳腺癌的进展 [scRNA-Seq]

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:cancer、inflammation、regex:immuno(logy|therapy|suppression)、scRNA
  • 📝 描述:Contributors : Michael F Coleman ; Stephen D HurstingSeries Type : Expression profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Mus musculuscontrol and obese, C57BL6J mice with or without sulindac treatment were injected with E0771 cells and tumor growth was monitored
  • 🔗 查看原文

4.GSE272510 赖氨酸代谢重编程重塑免疫微环境并诱导肝癌免疫治疗耐受

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:cancer、immune、metabolism、regex:immuno(logy|therapy|suppression)
  • 📝 描述:Contributors : Xinlan Lu ; Yungang Xu ; Min QiangSeries Type : Expression profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Homo sapiensLiver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, and its high aggressiveness and recurrence rate pose a major challenge. Metabolic reprogramming is one of the cancer hallmarks and allows tumor cells to adapt to drastic changes, supporting their rapid growth, survival, and proliferation under various conditions. The metabolic reprogramming of several amino acids within tumors profoundly affects the function of the immune cells. Furthermore, arginine and various other amino acids are now being widely studied as potential targets for anti-tumor therapy. However, the role of lysine metabolic reprogramming in tumors remains largely unexplored. This study aims to reveal the relationship between lysine metabolism reprogramming and the prognosis of liver cancer, the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and responses to immunotherapy through multi-omics analysis. Combined transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed a significant downregulation of lysine metabolism in tumor tissues against normal tissue adjacent to the tumor from liver cancer patients. Subsequently, we constructed a lysine metabolism score (LM score) based on nine lysine metabolic genes to stratify liver cancer patients into high and low lysine metabolism subtypes. The LM score exhibited potential in predicting both survival and immunotherapy response in liver cancer. Furthermore, significant differences were observed in prognosis, clinical staging, TIME, and immunotherapy outcomes between the subtypes with low and high lysine metabolism. In the subtype of low lysine metabolism, an immunosuppressive TIME predominated, correlating with poorer patient survival and anti-tumor immune responses. In conclusion, we uncover that disturbed lysine metabolism promotes the formation of the immunosuppressive TIME, thereby inducing immunotherapy resistance and advancing liver cancer progression. This provides an effective theoretical reference for elucidating the mechanism of immunotherapy resistance in liver cancer and seeking new therapeutic strategies.
  • 🔗 查看原文

5.GSE270678 不同阶段的三级淋巴结构表现出不同的抗肿瘤免疫力 [空间转录组学]

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:immunity、spatial、spatial transcriptomics、transcriptomics
  • 📝 描述:Contributors : Zemin Zhang ; Sen GaoSeries Type : OtherOrganism : Homo sapiensThe tumour microenvironment (TME) is a focal point in cancer immunotherapy: its cellular composition and spatial organisation, especially the distribution of lymphocytes, can affect the clinical outcomes of cancer patients. In addition, the function of a cell differs depending on its spatial location and interaction with neighbouring cells. Here, by integrating single-cell transcriptomics with spatial transcriptomics, we survey how the spatial distribution of different cell types varies across diverse histological regions of gastric cancer. Notably, tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), a tissue architecture harbouring lymphocytes more than any other region within the TME, possess great potential in modulating anti-tumorigenic immunity by elevating an array of genes (FDCSP and CCL19) principally involved in lymphocyte recruitment and activation. Our findings advance the understanding of TLSs in contributing to anti-tumorigenic immunity in a spatially resolved context, which could be further leveraged as a predictive marker for immunotherapy response.
  • 🔗 查看原文

6.GSE306904 研究表明,在卵巢癌小鼠模型中,PD-1、Tim-1 3 和 Lag-3 三重免疫检查点阻断(而非单独阻断 PD-1)可增强过继性 T 细胞免疫疗法的疗效。

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:cancer、T cell、regex:immuno(logy|therapy|suppression)
  • 📝 描述:Contributors : Gabriel F Alencar ; Asmaa O Mohamed ; Madison G Burnett ; Samantha Jean ; Anders Nelson ; Yapeng Su ; Valentin Voillet ; Magdalia R Suarez ; Susan Ruskin ; Lam Trieu ; Jennifer L Lam ; Stefan Bekiranov ; Raphael Gottardo ; Philip D Greenberg ; Kristin G AndersonSeries Type : Expression profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Mus musculusThe five-year survival rate for ovarian cancer patients remains below 50%, underscoring the need for innovative therapies. One promising approach involves engineering T cells to specifically target proteins uniquely overexpressed in tumors, thereby controlling tumor growth without toxicity to healthy tissues. Mesothelin (Msln) contributes to the malignant and invasive phenotype in ovarian cancer and has limited expression in healthy cells, making it a candidate immunotherapy target. Our previous results in a mouse model of ovarian cancer demonstrated that T cells engineered to express a T cell receptor (TCR) targeting Msln (TCRMSLN) mediated therapeutic activity, delaying tumor growth and prolonging mouse survival. However, inhibitory ligands expressed in the tumor microenvironment (TME) interacted with inhibitory receptors on activated T cells, suppressing antitumor function. We hypothesized combining engineered T cells with checkpoint blockade would enhance T cell function in the TME and improve therapeutic efficacy, but administration of mono-specific antibodies targeting individual inhibitory pathways had no significant impact on T cell efficacy. By contrast, the combination of PD-1, Tim-3 and Lag-3 blockade with engineered T cells significantly improved T cell function and overall animal survival relative to treatment with antibody alone or TCRMSLN with singlet or doublet antibody combinations. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed TCRMSLN T cells treated with the triplet antibody combination increased expression of genes involved in interferon responses and metabolic function, and reduced expression of genes associated with exhaustion. These results suggest that strategies to disrupt multiple inhibitory pathways simultaneously may be necessary for improved adoptive T cell therapy efficacy in patients.
  • 🔗 查看原文

7.GSE306312 周围神经损伤诱导的肿瘤相关巨噬细胞重塑促进乳腺癌的免疫逃逸

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:tumor、cancer、immune
  • 📝 描述:Contributors : Yongxue Jiang ; Wenfeng Zeng ; Xiaoting Deng ; Jianing Chen ; Penghan HuangSeries Type : Expression profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Mus musculusPeripheral nerve damage is intricately linked to the progression of various solid tumors and play a pivotal role in the tumor ecosystem. However, its effect on antitumor immunity and precise underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of peripheral nerve damage and subsequent immune modulation on breast cancer progression.
  • 🔗 查看原文

8.GSE294944 肥胖驱动的炎症通过免疫抑制促进三阴性乳腺癌的进展

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:cancer、inflammation、regex:immuno(logy|therapy|suppression)
  • 📝 描述:Contributors : Michael F Coleman ; Stephen D HurstingSeries Type : Expression profiling by arrayOrganism : Mus musculuscontrol and obese, C57BL6J mice with or without sulindac treatment were injected with E0771, metMWntlung, or metMWntliver cells and tumor growth was monitored
  • 🔗 查看原文

9.GSE294724:从结直肠肿瘤中分离出的新型口腔链球菌CRC211菌株的全基因组测序和分析

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:tumor、sequencing、genome
  • 📝 描述:Contributors : Yunjie Shi ; Ling Liu ; Weiliang Hou ; Hao wangSeries Type : OtherOrganism : Mus musculusThis study provides a comprehensive genomic characterization of Streptococcus oralis CRC211, a novel bacterial strain isolated from colorectal tumor tissue, through whole-genome sequencing and comparative analysis. The high-quality assembled genome (15.03 Mb, 40.94% GC content) contains 2 prophage regions spanning 160.5 kb, which may facilitate horizontal transfer of virulence genes. Functional annotation identified 3,674 genes, with significant enrichment in metabolic pathways (amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism) and virulence factors (116 genes in VFDB), including adhesins and biofilm-associated proteins that likely promote tumor colonization. Comparative genomic analysis revealed CRC211 shares 92.29% average nucleotide identity with reference S. oralis strains, while pan-genome analysis demonstrated an open genome structure with 1,222 conserved core genes. The strain also carries 75 antimicrobial resistance genes, suggesting potential clinical relevance. Notably, the genomic profile indicates adaptations for nutrient acquisition and immune evasion in the tumor microenvironment. These findings establish CRC211 as a CRC-associated strain with distinct genomic features that may contribute to tumor progression, providing crucial insights for future investigations into its oncogenic mechanisms and potential applications in microbiota-based diagnostics or therapeutics for colorectal cancer.
  • 🔗 查看原文

10.GSE293361 抗癌治疗诱导的KEAP1-NRF2系统基因改变导致头颈部鳞状细胞癌对顺铂产生耐药性

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:cancer、carcinoma、resistance
  • 📝 描述:Contributors : Yuki Nakayama ; Keiko Taguchi ; Masayuki YamamotoSeries Type : Expression profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Homo sapiensCisplatin (CDDP) is widely used in the chemotherapy of head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but its efficacy is limited in recurrent cases. This highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the CDDP resistance. We hypothesized that chemoradiotherapy with CDDP may induce hyperactivation of NRF2, contributing to CDDP resistance. To investigate this, we first examined NRF2 expression in clinical HNSCC samples by immunohistochemistry and assessed the occurrence of somatic mutations in KEAP1 and NRF2 genes using public databases. We found that high NRF2 expression was associated with poorer prognosis compared to low expression. Furthermore, recurrent HNSCC cases following post-operative chemoradiotherapy exhibited higher NRF2 accumulation than their corresponding primary tumors. Database analysis also revealed occurrence of frequent mutations in KEAP1 associated with CDDP treatment. We then assessed the role of NRF2 in HNSCC malignancy utilizing seven parent (P) HNSCC cell lines and their CDDP-resistant (CR) derivatives. Of these P-CR pairs, three CR cell lines exhibited NRF2 upregulation. Two of them carried KEAP1 mutations and one carried an NRF2 mutation, both present in P and CR lines. These NRF2-high CR lines showed elevated expression of NRF2 target gene and activation of xenobiotic metabolism and reactive oxygen species pathways. Treatment with mitomycin C (MMC), known for its synthetic lethal activity against NRF2-activated cancer cells, showed strong cytotoxicity in NRF2-high CR lines. These findings indicate that the KEAP1-NRF2 system plays a critical role in the development of CDDP resistance and that MMC represents a promising therapeutic option for NRF2-high/CDDP-resistant HNSCC.
  • 🔗 查看原文

💡 该来源还有 100 条内容,详见 文末

🔬 期刊文章 (2条)

详细内容(全部2条)

1.中枢神经系统恶性肿瘤患者 CAR T 细胞的开发

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:肿瘤、T细胞、神经
  • 📝 描述:Secret hovertext:
  • 🔗 查看原文

2. 精准肿瘤学:2025年回顾

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:肿瘤
  • 📝 描述:Secret hovertext: 摘要:本文讨论了2025年精准肿瘤学取得的具体进展,我们见证了多项已知精细肿瘤药物的新适应症获批,以及针对经典通路或此前所谓不可药物靶点的新药的早期有希望数据。此外,我们观察到抗体-药物偶联物和蛋白水解靶向嵌合体的持续发展,多种基于血液的癌症早期检测方法的出现,非传统精准肿瘤生物标志物的识别,以及人工智能技术在生成精准肿瘤洞察方面的日益普及。
  • 🔗 查看原文
🧪 博客更新 (6条)

详细内容(全部6条)

1. scPER——一种利用总RNA测序数据识别肿瘤细胞亚型的计算方法

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:tumor、sequencing
  • 📝 描述:Researchers introduce scPER, a machine learning method using RNA sequencing to estimate tumor cell compositions and reveal…
  • 🔗 查看原文

2. 你的肠道正在遭受毒害吗?科学家揭示日常化学物质的隐秘影响。

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:gut、regex:gut(-?microbiome)?
  • 📝 描述:Researchers discovered that 168 common chemicals can disrupt the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, with some also promoting antibiotic resistance. Many of these substances—found in food, water, and household items—weren’t previously suspected of affecting living organisms. A new machine learning model now predicts which chemicals may harm the microbiome. The findings suggest safety testing must expand to consider gut health.
  • 🔗 查看原文

3. 医生发现,年轻女性罹患侵袭性乳腺癌的比例比预期更高。

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:cancer
  • 📝 描述:Younger women are being diagnosed with breast cancer more often than screening guidelines anticipate. Many of these cancers are invasive and harder to treat, especially in those under 40. After analyzing 11 years of data, researchers found that this age group makes up a steady and significant share of diagnoses. The results support a stronger push for earlier risk evaluation.
  • 🔗 查看原文

4. 科学家发现癌细胞存活的隐藏开关

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:cancer
  • 📝 描述:Researchers have found a small but powerful switch inside breast cancer cells that helps them survive stressful conditions. When this switch flips, the cells activate protective programs that make them tougher and faster-growing. The finding reveals how tumors use stress to their benefit. It may open up new possibilities for therapies.
  • 🔗 查看原文

5. 一项新研究在常见食物中发现了与癌症相关的化合物

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:cancer
  • 📝 描述:Scientists have found that common foods can contain hidden contaminants formed during cooking or through environmental exposure. A new testing method called QuEChERS helps identify these chemicals more quickly and with greater ease. The research showed strong accuracy and high sensitivity across multiple food samples. This streamlined approach could improve food safety checks while reducing chemical waste.
  • 🔗 查看原文

6. 一种已有70年历史的妊娠药物,竟然揭示了其在治疗脑癌方面的一个隐藏弱点。

  • ✍️ 作者:未知作者
  • 🏷️ 关键词:cancer
  • 📝 描述:Researchers have solved the decades-old mystery behind how a common pregnancy drug lowers blood pressure. It turns out the medication blocks a fast-acting “oxygen alarm” inside cells. That same alarm helps brain tumors survive, meaning the drug unexpectedly weakens them, too. The discovery could inspire better treatments for both preeclampsia and brain cancer.
  • 🔗 查看原文

📊 关键词统计

关键词出现次数
cancer31
RNA-seq13
tumor12
immune8
sequencing7
resistance7
scRNA6
carcinoma6
transcriptome6
metabolic6
metabolism6
methylation5
regex:immuno(logytherapy
ChIP-seq5
tumor microenvironment4
inflammation4
pathway4
immunity4
histone3
single-cell3

📎 更多内容

🧬 数据前沿 其他内容 (100条)

📅 报告生成时间:2025-12-03 21:33
🤖 由 GitHub Actions 自动生成